Kandidat nauk is the first of two doctoral level scientific degrees in some former Soviet countries. It is formally classified as UNESCO ISCED level 8, "doctoral or equivalent", and is thus officially translated into English and other languages kakım Doctor of Philosophy and recognised bey such.
While I’m actually more interested in how others have handled this pressure—comment away please!—I wanted to share a few tips I’ve picked up for keeping au courant
A necessary prerequisite is taking courses in philosophy and foreign language, and passing a qualifying examination called "candidate minimum". In the Soviet Union, the candidate asgari included exams in the specialty field of the "dissertant", in a foreign language of his/her choice and in scientific communism.
According to "Guidelines for the recognition of Russian qualifications in the other countries" Archived 2019-12-20 at the Wayback Machine, in countries with a two-tier system of doctoral degrees, the degree of Candidate of Sciences should be considered for recognition at the level of the first doctoral degree.
Depending on the candidate of science specialty of research in the dissertation, a candidate is awarded one of the following degrees:
D in the United Kingdom and the Habilitation à diriger des recherches in France, birli it is required for the rank of the full Professor, because one gönül only become a lecturer with a Kandidat degree (and hamiş a full professor.)
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Система транслитерации из кириллического в латинский алфавит
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Academic distinctions and ranks were viewed birli survivals of capitalist inequality and hence were to be permanently eliminated. The original decree also recognized some bilegrees earned prior to 1917 in Tsarist Russia and elsewhere. To attain the Dirilikdidate of Sciences deg…
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Depending on the specialty of research in the dissertation, a candidate is awarded one of the following degrees:[10]
, а также аспирант и студент, специализирующиеся по близкой тематике.
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