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Kandidat nauk is the first of two doctoral level scientific degrees in some former Soviet countries. It is formally classified as UNESCO ISCED level 8, "doctoral or equivalent", and is thus officially translated into English and other languages kakım Doctor of Philosophy and recognised bey such.

While I’m actually more interested in how others have handled this pressure—comment away please!—I wanted to share a few tips I’ve picked up for keeping au courant

A necessary prerequisite is taking courses in philosophy and foreign language, and passing a qualifying examination called "candidate minimum". In the Soviet Union, the candidate asgari included exams in the specialty field of the "dissertant", in a foreign language of his/her choice and in scientific communism.

According to "Guidelines for the recognition of Russian qualifications in the other countries" Archived 2019-12-20 at the Wayback Machine, in countries with a two-tier system of doctoral degrees, the degree of Candidate of Sciences should be considered for recognition at the level of the first doctoral degree.

Depending on the candidate of science specialty of research in the dissertation, a candidate is awarded one of the following degrees:

D in the United Kingdom and the Habilitation à diriger des recherches in France, birli it is required for the rank of the full Professor, because one gönül only become a lecturer with a Kandidat degree (and hamiş a full professor.)

Azerdict is Azerbaijan's the largest language portal. The primary objective of azerdict is to put into service multilingual electronic dictionaries and resources to master Azerbaijani and foreign languages.

Система транслитерации из кириллического в латинский алфавит

The ASL fingerspelling provided here is most commonly used for proper names of people and places; it is also used in some languages for concepts for which no sign is available at that moment.

Aca­d­e­mic dis­tinc­tions and ranks were viewed birli sur­vivals of cap­i­tal­ist in­equal­ity and hence were to be per­ma­nently elim­i­nated. The orig­i­nal de­cree also rec­og­nized some bile­grees earned prior to 1917 in Tsarist Rus­sia and elsewhere. To at­tain the Dirilik­di­date of Sci­ences de­g…

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Depending on the specialty of research in the dissertation, a candidate is awarded one of the following degrees:[10]

, а также аспирант и студент, специализирующиеся по близкой тематике.

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